If, therefore, you take into your consideration the system of things above the heavens or of things below the earth, or of things at the boundaries of the universe on either side, everywhere the presence of Deity anticipates your thought as the sole observable power that in every part of existing things holds in a state of being all those things. Now whether we ought to call this Existence Deity, or Mind, or Power, or Wisdom, or any other lofty term which might be better able to express Him Who is above all, our argument has no quarrel with the appellation or name or form of phrase used. Since, then, all creation looks to Him, and is about and around Him, and through Him is coherent with itself, things above being through Him conjoined to things below and things lateral to themselves, it was right that not by hearing only we should be conducted to the full understanding of the Deity, but that sight also should be our teacher in these sublime subjects for thought; and it is from sight that the mighty Paul starts (Eph. 3.18) when he initiates the people of Ephesus in the mysteries, and imbues them through his instructions with the power of knowing what is that "depth and height and breadth and length." In fact he designates each projection of the Cross by its proper appellation. The upper part he calls height, the lower depth, and the side extensions breadth and length;

ἂν τοίνυν λογίσῃ τῶν ἐπουρανίων ἢ τῶν ὑποχθονίων ἢ τῶν καθ΄ ἑκάτερον τοῦ παντὸς περάτων τὴν σύστασιν͵ πανταχοῦ τῷ λογισμῷ σου προαπαντᾷ ἡ θεότης͵ μόνη κατὰ πᾶν μέρος τοῖς οὖσιν ἐνθεωρουμένη καὶ ἐν τῷ εἶναι τὰ πάντα συνέχουσα. εἴτε δὴ θεότητα τὴν φύσιν ταύτην ὀνομάζεσθαι χρὴ εἴτε λόγον εἴτε δύναμιν εἴτε σοφίαν εἴτε ἄλλο τι τῶν ὑψηλῶν τε καὶ μᾶλλον ἐνδείξασθαι δυναμένων τὸ ὑπερκείμενον͵ οὐδὲν ὁ λόγος ἡμῶν περὶ φωνῆς ἢ ὀνόματος ἢ τύπου ῥημάτων διαφέρεται. ἐπεὶ οὖν πᾶσα πρὸς αὐτὸν ἡ κτίσις βλέπει͵ καὶ περὶ αὐτόν ἐστι καὶ δι΄ ἐκείνου πρὸς ἑαυτὴν συμφυὴς γίνεται͵ τῶν ἄνω τοῖς κάτω καὶ τῶν πλαγίων πρὸς ἄλληλα δι΄ ἐκείνου συμφυομένων͵ ἔδει μὴ μόνον δι΄ ἀκοῆς ἡμᾶς πρὸς τὴν τῆς θεότητος κατανόησιν χειραγωγεῖσθαι͵ ἀλλὰ καὶ τὴν ὄψιν γενέσθαι τῶν ὑψηλοτέρων νοημάτων διδάσκαλον͵ ὅθεν καὶ ὁ μέγας ὁρμηθεὶς Παῦλος μυσταγωγεῖ τὸν ἐν Ἐφέσῳ λαόν͵ δύναμιν αὐτοῖς ἐντιθεὶς διὰ τῆς διδασκαλίας πρὸς τὸ γνῶναι τί ἐστι τὸ βάθος καὶ τὸ ὕψος͵ τό τε πλάτος καὶ τὸ μῆκος. ἑκάστην γὰρ τοῦ σταυροῦ προβολὴν ἰδίῳ ῥήματι κατονομάζει͵ ὕψος μὲν τὸ ὑπερέχον͵ βάθος δὲ τὸ ὑποκείμενον͵ πλάτος τε καὶ μῆκος τὰς πλαγίας ἐκτάσεις λέγων.