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The Original Greek New Testament

LESSON 2 - ACHILLES' GRIEF - From Homer's Iliad

GREEK ACCENTS

From H. W. Smyth, Greek Grammar, I §§149-188

GENERAL PRINCIPLES,  ANASTROPHE, CHANGE OF ACCENT IN DECLENSION, INFLECTION AND COMPOSITION, PROCLITICS, ENCLITICS

ELPENOR EDITIONS IN PRINT



Page 6

172.  If neither of the syllables to be contracted had an accent, the contracted syllable has no accent:  φίλεε = φίλει, γένεϊ = γένει, περίπλοος = περίπλους.

173.  Crasis. – In crasis, the first word (as less important) loses its accent: τἀ̄γαθά for τὰ ἀγαθά, τἀ̄ν for τὰ ἐν, κἀ̄γώ for καὶ ἐγώ.

a. If the second word is a dissyllabic paroxytone with short ultima, it is uncertain whether, in crasis, the paroxytone remains or changes to properispomenon. In this book τοὔργον, τἄ̄λλα are written for τὸ ἔργον, τὰ ἄλλα; but many scholars write τοὖργον, τἆλλα.

174.  Elision.– In elision, oxytone prepositions and conjunctions lose their accent: παρ' (for παρὰ) ἐμοῦ, ἀλλ' (for ἀλλὰ) ἐγώ. In other oxytones the accent is thrown back to the penult: πόλλ' (for πολλὰ) ἔπαθον.

a. Observe that in πόλλ' ἔπαθον the acute is not changed to the grave. A circumflex does not result from the recession of the accent. Thus, φήμ' (not φῆμ') ἐγώ for φημὶ ἐγώ. τινά and ποτέ, after a word which cannot receive their accent, drop their accent: οὕτω ποτ' ἦν.

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