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Three Millennia of Greek Literature

The Greek Old Testament (Septuagint)

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The Septuagint is the Old Testament as used by the Apostles and all the Ancient Church


Prophet Ezekiel (Mt. Athos)

Elpenor's Bilingual (Greek / English) Old Testament

English translation by L.C.L. Brenton

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Page 3: Introduction to the Septuagint Old Testament

HE SEPTUAGINT version of the Old Testament was the Bible of most of the authors of the New Testament. Not only are the majority of their express citations from Scripture borrowed from it, but their writings contain numerous reminiscences of its language. Its words are household words to them. It laid for them the foundations of a new religious terminology.[1] It was a potent weapon for missionary work, and, when versions of the Scriptures into other languages became necessary, it was in most cases the Septuagint and not the Hebrew from which they were made.

REEMINENT among these daughter versions was the Old Latin which preceded the Vulgate. (...) The Septuagint was also the Bible of the early Greek Fathers [and not of them only, cf. note 2], and helped to mold dogma; it furnished proof-texts to both parties in the Arian controversy. Its language gives it another strong claim to recognition. Uncouth and unclassical as much of it appears, we now know that this is not wholly due to the hampering effects of translation. "Biblical Greek," once considered a distinct species, is now a rather discredited term. The hundreds of contemporary papyrus records (letters, business and legal documents, etc.) recently discovered in Egypt illustrate much of the vocabulary and grammar and go to show that many so-called "Hebraisms" were in truth integral parts of the koine, or "common language," i.e. the international form of Greek which, since the time of Alexander, replaced the old dialects, and of which the spoken Greek of today is the lineal descendant. The version was made for the populace and written in large measure in the language of their everyday life.

     From: The Septuagint, by H. Thackeray.

Notes (added by Elpenor, from Brenton's, An historical account of the septuagint version)

[1] Besides the direct citations in the New Testament in which the Septuagint is manifestly used, there are not a few passages in which it is clear that the train of expression has been formed on words and phrases of the Septuagint: thus an intimate acquaintance with this version becomes in a manner necessary on the part of an expositor who wishes to enter accurately into the scope of many parts of the New Testament.

[2] The whole circle of religious ideas and thoughts amongst Christians in the East has always been moulded according to this version. Without an acquaintance with the Septuagint, numerous allusions in the writings of the Fathers become wholly unintelligible and even important doctrinal discussions and difficulties...

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Septuagint Random Chapter

Septuagint Genesis Septuagint Psalms Septuagint Job, Proverbs, Ecclesiastes, Song of Songs, Wisdom, Sirach   » MORE

Septuagint Books By ELPENOR  IN PRINT : Genesis ||| Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, Deuteronomomy ||| Psalms ||| Job, Proverbs, Ecclesiastes, Song of Songs, Wisdom, Sirach ||| Isaiah, Jeremiah, Baruch, Lamentations, Ezekiel, Daniel ||| Hosea, Joel, Amos, Obadiah, Jonah, Micah, Nahum, Habakkuk, Zephaniah, Haggai, Zechariah, Malachi ||| Joshua, Judges, Ruth, Kings I - IV ||| Chronicles, Esdras, Nehemiah, Tobit, Judith, Esther, Maccabees

Read about the texts witnessed only in the Septuagint:
Letter of Aristeas (including also full text in Greek and English) ||| Sirach, Wisdom, Letter of Jeremiah ||| Maccabees 1, 2, 3 and 4 ||| Additional texts witnessed by the Septuagint to the book of Daniel ||| 1 Esdras, Psalm 151, Prayer of Manasseh ||| Judith, Baruch

Note that the so called 'sixth' chapter of Baruch in the Septuagint is published separately as Letter of Jeremiah. Check also this note about the Order of Septuagint Psalms and the Masoretic.

Cf. in print A New English translation of the Septuagint, Greek English Lexicon of the Septuagint, Grammar of Septuagint Greek, The Use of the Septuagint in New Testament Research, More


The Authentic Greek New Testament Bilingual New Testament I

Three Millennia of Greek Literature
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