A History of Greek Philosophy / ARISTOTLE

Page 21

This passage is worth quoting as illustrating, not only Aristotle’s conception of the divine entelechy, but also the ingenuity with which he gave that appearance of logical completeness to the vague and ill-digested scientific imaginations of the time, which remained so evil an inheritance for thousands of years. It is to be observed, in order to complete Aristotle’s theory on this subject, that the four elements, Earth, Water, Air, Fire, are all equally in a world which is “contrary to nature,” that is, the world of change, of coming into being, and going out of being. Apart from these there is the element of the Eternal Cosmos, which is “in accordance with nature,” having its own natural and eternal motion ever the same. This is the fifth or divine element, the aetherial, by the schoolmen translated Quinta Essentia, whence by a curious degradation we have our modern word Quintessence, of that which is the finest and subtlest extract.

Still more clearly is the organic conception carried out in Aristotle’s discussion of the Vital principle or Soul in the various grades of living creatures and in man. It will be sufficient to quote at length a chapter of Aristotle’s treatise on the subject (De Anima, ii. p. 1) in which this fundamental conception of Aristotle’s philosophy is very completely illustrated:—

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A History of Greek Philosophy : Table of Contents
Cf. D'Arcy W. Thompson, Aristotle's Natural Science

Reference address : https://ellopos.net/elpenor/greek-texts/ancient-greece/history-of-philosophy/aristotle.asp?pg=21